Originally posted by 盲目HAPPY分子 at 2006-4-24 01:40 PM:
呵呵，当然没搞错。
泰诺（对乙酰氨基酚）是美国强生在1955年推出的退热感冒药，直接和流行了数十年的阿司匹林竞争。由于没有阿司匹林那样对胃的副作用，所以很快在全世界风行。
国内的仿制药品就是“扑热息 ...
给你看看扑热息痛的历史，是上上世纪的东东了，毛泽东出生以前就有了，呵呵～：
history of paracetamol
The first observations about the analgesic and antipyretic properties of paracetamol were made back in the late nineteenth century when alternative compounds were being sought to reduce fever in the treatment of infections.
The antipyretics commonly used at the time consisted of preparations of natural compounds such as cinchona bark, from which quinine is derived, or galenicals based on willow bark, the earliest source of salicylate. Cinchona bark became in short supply and cheaper, synthetic substitutes were needed.
Two alternatives that were developed included acetanilide in 1886 and phenacetin in 1887, both of which had the advantage over quinine of possessing both antipyretic and analgesic properties.
In 1893, another compound, now known as paracetamol, was noted also to have a prompt analgesic and antipyretic action. In 1895, further work on this compound indicated that paracetamol might be present in the urine of patients who had taken phenacetin and in 1889, paracetamol was also shown to be a urinary metabolite of acetanilide.
However, it was not until 1948 that Brodie and Axelrod established that paracetamol was a major metabolite of both phenacetin and acetanilide. This, and other work, led to the belief that the clinical effect of these two drugs was entirely due to rapid conversion in the body to paracetamol. This belief was supported by the observation that the analgesic and antipyretic effects of paracetamol were of the same order as those of its parent compound. Some years later, it was shown that phenacetin had both effects in its own right and that paracetamol formation was not essential for its pharmacological action. However, because a very high proportion is converted to paracetamol during first passage through the liver, phenacetin itself exerts a direct analgesic effect only at very high doses.
The work of Brodie and Axelrod led to the introduction of 500 mg tablets of paracetamol in the United Kingdom in 1956, primarily as a prescription product. In 1963, paracetamol was added to the British Pharmacopoeia and its popularity as an over-the-counter analgesic increased rapidly.
Subsequently, it also became an ingredient of compound analgesics, being combined with such centrally-acting compounds as codeine, dihydrocodeine and dextropropoxyphene, as well as with oral decongestants in a variety of formulations for the relief of the symptoms of the common cold, influenza and sinusitis. |
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发表于 2006-4-24 14:19